TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE TREATMENTS

​Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM; 中医 zhōng yī) Concept
TCM started in or earlier than the Zhou Dynasty, with a history of about 3000 years.  The concept of TCM is based on the fact that when a person’s ‘internal Qi’ (气) is imbalanced, illnesses occur, as it is the vital energy that guides a person’s physical and mental processes  That is why Qi is also known to be the body’s innate intelligence. In Chinese culture, it is called Qi and in Indian culture it is called prana. Qi is imbalanced when there are blockages, excess or deficiency. 
When you have Qi deficiency, you are likely to feel fatigue, indigestion, loss of appetite, lower immunity such as catching colds and flu easily, anemia, depression, emotional and so on.  However, when you have excess Qi, you tend to be stressed, tense or irritable. Whenever you experience pain in your body, it is very likely that you have Qi blockages. Usually, a medical issue is caused by Qi being out of balance. Therefore, the goal for the TCM practitioner is to get your Qi back into balance so that it is able to flow freely through the functional entities (also known as yin-yang systems) in our body.
Our Body’s Functional Entities (Yin-Yang Systems)
  • 5 Vital Substances - Qi (气), Blood (血 Xuè), Body Fluids (体液 Tǐyè), Essence (精 Jīng) , and Spirit (神 Shén)
  • Body Organs (脏腑 zang-fu) - Our body organs are made up of 5 zang (五脏) which include heart (心), the liver (肝), the spleen (脾), the lung (肺), and the kidney (肾) and 6 fu (六腑) which include the gallbladder (胆), the stomach (胃), the small intestine (小肠), the large intestine (大肠), the urinary bladder (膀胱), and sanjiao (the triple burner without any western counterpart).  There is another group of miscellaneous organs. They include the brain (脑), the marrow (髓), the bones (骨), the vessels (脈), the gallbladder (胆), and the uterus (女子胞)
  • Meridians (经络 Jīngluò) - In TCM, Qi passes through channels in the body called meridians and it connects the body’s organs (脏腑 zang-fu) and functions via the vital substances.
TCM concept on Body Organs (脏腑 zang-fu)
Zang-fu organs have a yin-yang pair that corresponds to each other. Zang organs are yin and its primary function is to store qi, blood, body fluids, essence and spirit. Fu organs are yang in nature and its function is to transport and transform nutrients to the Zang organs and excrete waste.

Zang organs (yin)

Heart (心), Spleen (脾), Lung (肺), Kidney (肾), Liver (肝)

Fu organs (yang):  

Small Intestine (小肠), Stomach (胃), Large Intestine (大肠), Urinary Bladder (膀胱), Gallbladder (胆)

Key Functions of Qi
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the concept of Qi (pronounced "chee") is fundamental to understanding the body's vital energy. Qi is often described as the life force or vital energy that flows through the body, maintaining balance and promoting health. The functions of Qi in TCM are intricate and encompass various aspects of physical, mental, and emotional well-being. 
  • Movement and Functionality - Physical Qi (Zheng Qi) is responsible for the body's physical activities, such as movement, digestion, and circulation. It ensures the smooth flow of blood, fluids, and substances throughout the body, allowing organs and systems to function properly. If there is Physical Qi (Zheng Qi) deficiency, the functional entities and vital substances will be negatively impacted, which can cause illness.
  • Defending the Body - Wei Qi is associated with the immune system. It acts as a protective barrier against external pathogens, helping the body resist diseases and infections. When Wei Qi is strong, the body is better equipped to fend off illnesses.
  • Transforming and Transporting Substances: - Nutritive Qi (Ying Qi) is responsible for transforming and transporting substances throughout the body, including nutrients from food. Nutritive Qi works in conjunction with blood to nourish tissues and organs, supporting overall health and vitality.
  • Regulating and Balancing - Yuan Qi is associated with the body's inherent vitality. It is believed to be stored in the kidneys and provides the foundation for the various forms of Qi in the body. Yuan Qi is crucial for overall well-being and is closely linked to the aging process.
  • Generating Heat - Fire Qi (Huo Qi) is associated with the concept of heat in the body. Proper Qi flow helps maintain an optimal body temperature. In TCM, the balance of "Fire Qi" is crucial for digestion, metabolism, and overall warmth in the body. If there is a deficiency in Fire Qi (Huo Qi), it can result in a lowered body temperature, cold limbs, and a disposition to hot drinks, as means to combat this.
  • Controlling Blood and Body Fluids Flow - In TCM, Qi and blood are considered interdependent. Qi is believed to lead and guide the blood, ensuring proper circulation. When Qi is strong and flows smoothly, it helps prevent stagnation and ensures the proper nourishment of tissues. It also regulates Body Fluids (Jinye - sweat, saliva, etc.) and make sure that only the proper amount is allowed to leave the body. 
  • Supporting Mental and Emotional Well-being - Qi is seen as a key influence on mental and emotional well-being, with balanced Qi supporting a calm mind and stable emotions. Imbalances in Qi can manifest as mental and emotional disturbances, such as anxiety or depression.
  • Harmonizing the Body's Functions - The smooth flow and balance of Qi in the body contribute to overall harmony and balance. When Qi is in balance, the body's various systems work together seamlessly, promoting health and preventing disease.
The principles of Qi  are integral to TCM diagnosis and treatment. Acupuncture, herbal medicine, qigong, and tai chi are among the practices used in TCM to support the balance and flow of Qi in the body.


TCM Treatment Effectiveness
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years and continues to intrigue and benefit people around the globe. This holistic approach encompasses various treatments that harmonize the body, mind, and spirit, aiming not only to heal ailments but also to prevent illness and promote overall well-being.
TCM traces its roots back to ancient China, evolving over millennia. The core principles revolve around concepts such as the balance of yin and yang, the five elements, and the flow of qi (vital energy) through meridians in the body.
TCM treatment goal is to balance the body’s Qi (气), which is the vital energy that circulates throughout the body.
The effectiveness of TCM treatment can vary depending on the condition being treated, the skill of the practitioner, and the individual patient's response.
Acupuncture, one of the most recognized TCM practices, involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to regulate the flow of qi. This treatment is known to alleviate various conditions, including chronic pain, migraines, and even aid in addiction recovery.
Chinese medicine is a fundamental aspect of TCM, using natural substances like plants, minerals, and animal products to restore balance within the body. Different combinations of herbs are prescribed based on an individual's unique constitution and health concerns.
Cupping involves placing cups on the skin to create a suction effect, promoting blood flow and easing muscle tension. It's used for pain relief, improving circulation, and even respiratory conditions.
Moxibustion involves burning dried mugwort (moxa) on or near the skin to stimulate specific acupuncture points. This treatment aims to warm and invigorate the flow of qi, often used for conditions related to cold or stagnation.
Tui Na is a form of Chinese massage that targets acupressure points to promote the flow of qi and alleviate musculoskeletal issues. Gua Sha involves scraping the skin to improve circulation and release tension, often used for pain relief and detoxification.
TCM places a significant emphasis on dietary therapy, recommending specific foods to maintain balance and prevent illness. Qi Gong, a system of coordinated body movements and breathing, is practiced to cultivate and balance qi, promoting health and vitality.
Despite its ancient origins, TCM continues to evolve and integrate with modern healthcare practices. Many studies explore the efficacy of TCM treatments, paving the way for their acceptance in conventional medical settings.
Traditional Chinese Medicine treatments offer a holistic approach to health and well-being, focusing on harmony and balance within the body. With its rich history, diverse range of treatments, and ongoing modern integration, TCM stands as a valuable complement to contemporary medical practices, providing a unique perspective on health and healing.

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References
Zang-fu Organs
The Five Vital Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
The Brief Theory of Viscus and Its Manifestations in Traditional Chinese Medicine